5 Most Expensive Freshwater Fish to Keep in Your Aquarium

Aquarium hobbyists are always in search of unique and exotic fish to add to their collections. While there are many species of fish that can be kept in an aquarium, some are rarer and more expensive than others.

Regardless of where you reside, there is no shortage of freshwater fish available for aquarists across the globe. From expensive to budget-friendly options found within metropolitan areas, aquarists can always find freshwater specimens for their aquariums.

The focus of this article is to highlight the most expensive freshwater fish that one can keep in an aquarium.

Below, we have listed down 15 aquarium fish that are considered to be the most expensive:

1. Asian Arowana
2. Platinum Arowana
3. Polka Dot Stingray
4. Peppermint Angelfish
5. Discus Fish
6. Freshwater Lionfish
7. Flowerhorn Cichlid
8. Moray Eel
9. Zebra Pleco
10. Redtail Catfish
11. Black Diamond Stingray
12. Freshwater Barracuda
13. Royal Pleco
14. Peacock Bass
15. Siamese Tiger Fish

15 Most Expensive Freshwater Aquarium Fish

1. Asian Arowana

Asian Arowana is also known as the Dragon Fish and is one of the most expensive freshwater fish in the world. This fish can grow up to three feet in length and are native to Southeast Asia. They are known for their metallic scales and bright red coloration. The cost of an Asian Arowana can range from $5,000 to $300,000, depending on the breed and size.

Specification:

• Habitat: Asian Arowanas are native to freshwater rivers and swamps in Southeast Asia, specifically in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. They prefer slow-moving waters with a lot of aquatic plants and can be found in areas with soft mud and sandy substrates. They are able to survive in both oxygen-rich and low-oxygen environments and can tolerate a wide range of water temperatures.
• Diet: They are carnivorous and primarily feed on small fish, insects, and crustaceans. In captivity, they can be fed on a diet of live or frozen foods such as shrimp, crickets, and mealworms. It’s crucial to provide these fish with a varied diet to ensure that they receive all the necessary nutrients.
• Breeding: Breeding of Asian Arowanas is a complex process that requires specific conditions and expertise. They are typically bred in captivity using hormone injections and carefully controlled breeding conditions. The eggs are incubated for around two weeks before hatching, and the fry is carefully raised until they are old enough to be sold.
• Symbolism: Did you know? In Chinese culture, the Asian Arowana is a symbol of wealth, prosperity, and good luck. They are often kept as a status symbol and are believed to bring good fortune to their owners. It’s not uncommon for Asian Arowanas to be given as gifts to important people or displayed in businesses to attract good luck and prosperity.

2. Platinum Arowana

The Platinum Arowana, also known as the White Arowana, is a rare and expensive breed of Asian Arowana. These fish are completely white and have a metallic sheen to their scales. It is a highly sought-after species by collectors and hobbyists due to its unique and striking appearance. They are also known for their red eyes. The cost of a Platinum Arowana can range from $80,000 to $430,000.

Specification:

• Habitat: The Platinum Arowana is native to the rivers and swamps of Southeast Asia, specifically in Malaysia and Indonesia. They are typically found in slow-moving rivers and streams with a lot of vegetation and soft mud substrates. In captivity, they require a large aquarium with plenty of swimming space and hiding places. They also require clean and well-oxygenated water, and their aquarium should be equipped with a powerful filtration system.
• Diet: It is a carnivorous species and primarily feeds on small fish, insects, and crustaceans. In captivity, they can be fed on a diet of live or frozen foods such as shrimp, crickets, and mealworms. It’s essential to feed them a varied diet to ensure that they receive all the necessary nutrients.
• Breeding: Breeding Platinum Arowana is a complex process that requires specific conditions and expertise. They are typically bred in captivity using hormone injections and carefully controlled breeding conditions. The eggs are incubated for around two weeks before hatching, and the fry is carefully raised until they are old enough to be sold.
• Symbolism: Platinum Arowana is the Symbol of wealth, prosperity, and good luck in Chinese culture. They are considered one of the “four guardians” in Feng Shui and are believed to bring success, happiness, and good fortune to aquarists. They are also associated with the element of water and even bring harmony and balance to their surroundings. Arowana fish are often gifted to business partners or friends as a sign of respect and appreciation.

3. Polka Dot Stingray

Polka Dot Stingrays, also known as Leopoldi Stingrays, are a unique and fascinating species of freshwater fish that are highly demandable in the aquarium trade. They are a relatively small species of freshwater stingray and are named for their distinctive polka dot pattern, which can range from white to bright yellow or orange. They are popular in the aquarium trade due to their unique appearance, gentle nature, and interesting behavior. That’s why this species’ cost can range from $5000 to $100,000.

Specification:

• Habitat: Polka Dot Stingrays are native to the rivers and streams of Thailand and Malaysia. They are typically found in slow-moving rivers and streams and prefer sandy or muddy substrates. They require large, well-filtered tanks with plenty of hiding places and a soft substrate. Polka Dot Stingrays are also sensitive to changes in water chemistry and temperature, so it’s important to maintain a stable environment.
• Diet: In the wild, Polka Dot Stingrays are carnivorous and feed on a variety of small aquatic animals, including fish, crustaceans, and insects. They are also preyed upon by larger fish, birds of prey, and crocodiles.
• Breeding: Breeding Polka Dot Stingrays is complex and requires attention to detail, time, and resources. A suitable breeding environment involves a large, well-maintained aquarium with hiding places and stable water temperature and pH. The female lays a clutch of eggs, which are fertilized by the male, and then carefully monitored until hatching.
• Symbolism: In some cultures, this fish is considered a symbol of strength, adaptability, and grace. The unique and striking pattern of the Polka Dot Stingray is often associated with creativity and individuality, making it a popular symbol for those who value these qualities. Overall, the Polka Dot Stingray is a powerful and meaningful symbol that represents many positive attributes and qualities.

4. Peppermint Angelfish

The Peppermint Angelfish, or Paracentropyge boylei, is a rare and beautiful marine fish from the Pacific Ocean. Its striking coloration includes a deep reddish-orange body with white stripes and vivid blue edging on its fins and a darker red head and tail with bright blue-green eyes. This species belongs to the family Pomacanthidae and is highly coveted by aquarium enthusiasts due to its rarity and stunning appearance. The cost of a Peppermint Angelfish can range from $30,000 to $50,000.

Specification:

• Habitat: It is a secretive species that inhabits the deep coral reefs of the Pacific Ocean at depths of 200 to 300 feet (60–90 meters). It feeds on small invertebrates and algae and is known for its elusive behavior, often hiding in crevices and caves during the day and emerging at night. Due to its sensitivity to water quality changes and the fragility of its natural habitat, this fish is difficult to keep in captivity and is rarely seen in the wild or in aquariums.
• Diet: This fish feeds on small invertebrates and algae that it finds in its deep coral reef habitat. It is an omnivorous species, which means it eats a variety of plant and animal matter. Its diet consists of copepods, amphipods, brine shrimp, and other small crustaceans, as well as algae and planktonic organisms.
• Breeding: Peppermint Angelfish is a challenging species to breed in captivity, and little is known about its natural breeding habits. In the wild, it is believed to spawn in pairs and lay eggs on the surface of the reef. The eggs hatch into larvae that drift in ocean currents before settling on a suitable habitat to develop into adult fish.
• Symbolism: It holds no specific symbolic significance in any culture. However, its striking appearance and rarity have made it a highly sought-after fish in the aquarium trade. Due to the difficulty of keeping this species in captivity, it is considered a symbol of prestige and exclusivity among collectors of rare and exotic marine life.

5. Discus Fish

Discus Fish, also known as Symphysodon, is a species of cichlid fish that is native to the Amazon River Basin in South America. They are known for their distinctive appearance, which includes a round, flat body shape and a variety of vibrant colors and patterns. Discus Fish are popular among aquarium enthusiasts and are often regarded as one of the most beautiful and expensive freshwater fish species. The cost of a Discus Fish can range from $20 to $500, depending on the breed and size.

Specification:

• Habitat: Originating from the Amazon Basin in South America, Discus Fish are typically found in slow-moving rivers and tributaries. They are considered to be challenging fish to keep in captivity, as they have specific requirements for their environment and care. They require a large aquarium of at least 50 gallons, with a well-filtered and well-maintained water system.
• Diet: Discus Fish require a varied and nutrient-rich diet to thrive, which can include live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia, as well as high-quality pellets or flakes. It is important to note that Discus Fish have a delicate digestive system, so overfeeding or feeding low-quality food can lead to health issues.
• Breeding: Many breeders and organizations are working to promote sustainable and responsible breeding practices of Discus Fish to help preserve the species in the wild while still making them available to aquarium enthusiasts.
• Symbolism: Discus fish symbolize hope and rebirth and are graceful creatures that dart across ponds and aquariums with grace.

6. Freshwater Lionfish

Freshwater Lionfish, also known as Peacock Lionfish, is a unique and exotic species that is becoming increasingly popular in the aquarium trade. They belong to the family of Scorpaenidae, and are native to the freshwater rivers and streams of the Amazon basin in South America. This Freshwater Lionfish costs $50 to $500 in an aquarium community.

Specification:

• Habitat: Freshwater Lionfish are relatively hardy and can tolerate a wide range of water conditions. However, they do require a well-maintained aquarium with adequate filtration and water changes to keep them healthy. They can be kept in groups in aquariums with special water conditions.
• Diet: These fish are carnivores and are known to eat small fish, crustaceans, and other aquatic creatures. They are nocturnal and hunt primarily at night, using their excellent vision to locate prey.
• Breeding: Breeding of Freshwater Lionfish in captivity can be challenging, and inexperienced aquarists are not recommended to do so as it involves using hormone injections and carries significant risks. Breeding these fish successfully requires a lot of patience, experience, and dedication to ensure the proper water quality, diet, and tank conditions are maintained.
• Symbolism: In some cultures, the Freshwater Lionfish is considered a symbol of strength and courage, representing the ability to face challenges and overcome obstacles. Additionally, its striking appearance and venomous spines can also represent danger, warning against underestimating the power of the natural world.

7. Flowerhorn Cichlid

The Flowerhorn Cichlid is a hybrid species of cichlid that was found in Malaysia in the late 1990s. They are known for their bright colors and unique head shape. The cost of a Flowerhorn Cichlid can range from $100 to $5000, depending on the breed and size.

Specification:

• Habitat: Flowerhorns Cichlids are adaptable and can be found in the wild throughout Africa, Asia, and South America. They have been sighted in Nigeria and Sudan and are best suited for an established aquarium with plenty of rocks and caves to explore. To add them to your collection, ensure that there is enough room for them to display their acrobatics without feeling crowded.
• Diet: Flowerhorns are an energetic species that thrive on a variety of foods, including frozen foods such as pellets, flakes, granules, and tablets. They also enjoy crustaceans such as hermit crabs and shrimp and pieces of well-cooked meats. Despite the difficulty in obtaining algae-based food sources, they still enjoy frozen or frozen thawed foods.
• Breeding: When attempting to breed Flowerhorn Cichlids, it is important to consider their reproductive habits and compatibility within the species. To ensure success, provide optimal conditions for their growth and development, such as ample space for them to swim and nutritious foods for their offspring.
• Symbolism: The Flowerhorn Cichlid fish is famous for its stunning beauty and is thought to bring its owner a lot of luck and love. It has been associated with bringing happiness, good luck, money, and prosperity to the family.

8. Moray Eel

The Freshwater Moray Eel is a unique and fascinating species of freshwater fish. They belong to the family of Muraenidae and can be found in various oceans across the world. These eels are known for their long, slender bodies, and they can grow up to 13 feet in length, although some species are much smaller. They are native to the rivers of Southeast Asia and are known for their long, snake-like body and sharp teeth. The cost of a Moray Eel can range from $200 to $1000.

Specification:

• Habitat: Moray Eels are found in various habitats, including coral reefs, rocky crevices, and sandy ocean floors. They are commonly found in warm, tropical waters, but some species can also survive in cooler temperatures. They prefer to live in areas where they can hide in crevices or burrows, waiting for their prey to swim by.
• Diet: Moray eel diet consists of several different kinds of frozen seafood, such as prawn, fish, squid, and mussel flesh. This food should be cut into small, safe pieces and fed with a pair of tweezers, as moray eels are nocturnal hunters and rely on their sense of smell to find their food.
• Breeding: Moray Eels typically breed during the spring and summer months, and they are known for their unique reproductive process. Unlike many other fish, Moray Eels do not lay eggs. Instead, they release their eggs and sperm into the water, where fertilization occurs externally. The larvae then drift in the ocean’s currents until they reach a safe place to settle and grow.
• Symbolism: In many cultures, Moray Eels are seen as a symbol of strength and power. In Hawaiian mythology, the Moray Eel was believed to be a protector of the ocean, and it was thought to have the ability to heal those who were sick or injured. However, in some parts of the world, Moray Eels are feared and considered dangerous.

9. Zebra Pleco

The Zebra Pleco, also known as Hypancistrus zebra, is a small freshwater fish that is highly sought after by fish enthusiasts. This fish is native to the Xingu River in Brazil, where it can be found in rocky areas with fast-moving water. The cost of this species is $200 — $5000.

Specification:

• Habitat: As mentioned, the Zebra Pleco is native to the Xingu River in Brazil. In the wild, they are found in rocky areas with fast-moving water, where they hide in crevices and under rocks. In captivity, they require a similar setup, with plenty of hiding places and a strong water flow.
• Diet: This is a carnivorous fish, and it feeds primarily on small invertebrates and insect larvae in the wild. In captivity, they can be fed a variety of foods, including bloodworms, brine shrimp, and other small live or frozen foods. They may also accept high-quality sinking pellets.
• Breeding: Zebra Pleco is an egg-laying fish, and breeding can be quite challenging. The fish must be kept in a group to encourage breeding, and the water conditions must be just right. Females lay their eggs on a flat surface, and males will fertilize them. The eggs will hatch within a few days, and the fry must be fed a diet of small live foods until they are big enough to eat other foods.
• Symbolism: Zebra Pleco is not commonly associated with symbolism, but it is highly valued in the aquarium trade. Its striking black and white stripes make it a popular fish for aquarists, and its rarity makes it a prized possession.

10. Redtail Catfish

The Redtail Catfish, renowned for its striking red tail and insatiable appetite, is a sizable freshwater fish indigenous to South America. Although a sought-after species in the aquarium trade, the Redtail Catfish necessitates a capacious tank and specialized care to flourish. Naturally, these fish inhabit the rivers of South America and are recognizable for their vivid red tails and impressive size. The cost ranges from $50 to $1000, depending on the size.

Specification:

• Habitat: Redtail Catfish are found in freshwater rivers and tributaries throughout South America. In the wild, they are typically found in slow-moving or stagnant water, often near submerged vegetation or logs. They prefer proper water temperatures and require a large aquarium with plenty of hiding places and open swimming space. It’s important to keep the water clean and well-oxygenated, as they produce a lot of waste.
• Diet: This fish is carnivorous and will eat almost anything it can fit in its mouth. In the wild, these fish feed on smaller fish, insects, crustaceans, and other aquatic animals. In captivity, they can be fed a variety of foods, including fish, shrimp, krill, and other meaty foods. However, it is essential to monitor their diet carefully, as they are prone to overeating and becoming obese.
• Breeding: Breeding Redtail Catfish in captivity is challenging and not often successful. In the wild, they breed during the rainy season, when the water is warmer and higher. The males will guard the eggs until they hatch, and the fry is relatively large when they emerge. In captivity, the fish will need to be in prime condition, and the water must be carefully monitored for optimal conditions.
• Symbolism: In some cultures, Catfish are seen as a symbol of prosperity and good luck, as they are bottom-dwelling creatures that help clean the environment. In some cases, the Redtail Catfish may also be seen as a symbol of strength and resilience due to its large size and ability to survive in a range of water conditions.

11. Freshwater Barracuda

The Freshwater Barracuda also referred to as the South American Pike, is an intriguing predatory fish found in the rivers and lakes of South America. This unique species has captured the attention of many aquarium enthusiasts due to its long, slender body and sharp teeth, but it requires specific care to thrive. It is a highly sought-after fish, with prices ranging from $100 to $1000.

Specification:

• Habitat: Freshwater Barracudas are native to the rivers and lakes of South America and prefer clear, oxygen-rich waters with plenty of hiding spots. In captivity, they require a large aquarium with plenty of open swimming space and hiding places, such as rocks and driftwood. The aquarium should also be well-filtered and heated to simulate their natural habitat.
• Diet: They are carnivorous and require a varied diet of live or frozen foods, such as small fish, shrimp, and insects. They are voracious feeders and will consume almost anything that can fit in their mouths, so it is essential to feed them small portions several times a day to avoid overfeeding.
• Breeding: Breeding freshwater Barracudas in captivity is challenging and requires careful monitoring of water conditions and a specialized diet. The fish reach sexual maturity at around one year old and lay their eggs on a flat surface or in a cave. The eggs hatch after several days, and the fry requires specific care to survive.
• Symbolism: This fish is not typically associated with symbolism, but it is admired for its striking appearance and predatory behavior. The fish is known for its sharp teeth and swift movements, which makes it a fascinating species to observe in an aquarium. Some people may also view the fish as a symbol of strength and power due to its predatory nature.

12. Royal Pleco

The Royal Pleco, also known as the Royal Panaque or Panaque nigrolineatus, is a beautiful and unique species of catfish native to the rivers of South America. This popular aquarium fish requires specific care to thrive, making it a favorite among experienced fish keepers. They are also known for their impressive size and distinctive pattern. The cost of a Royal Pleco can range from $100 to $5000, depending on the size.

Specification:

• Habitat: Royal Plecos are native to the Amazon River and its tributaries, where they prefer to inhabit slow-moving waters with rocky substrates and plenty of hiding places. In captivity, they require a large aquarium with plenty of hiding places, such as rocks, caves, and driftwood. The aquarium should also be well-filtered and heated to simulate their natural habitat.
• Diet: The Royal Pleco is a herbivorous species and requires a diverse diet consisting of algae and plant matter. In their natural habitat, they acquire their essential nutrients by feeding on driftwood and submerged logs. In captivity, they can be fed with a mix of algae wafers, vegetables, and fruits like cucumber, zucchini, and melons. Additionally, they may also consume small invertebrates and insect larvae.
• Breeding: Breeding Royal Plecos in captivity is a challenging task that requires precise monitoring of water conditions and a specialized diet. Sexual maturity of the fish is typically achieved between 2 to 3 years of age, and the female lays her eggs in dark places or caves. The eggs hatch within several days, and the fry demands specific attention and care to ensure their survival.
• Symbolism: It is not typically associated with symbolism, but it is admired for its unique appearance and docile behavior. The fish is known for its beautiful black and white stripes, which make it a popular addition to any aquarium. Some people may also view the fish as a symbol of peace and tranquillity due to its calm and gentle nature.

13. Peacock Bass

Peacock bass is a species of fish that belongs to the Cichlidae family. It is a predatory fish that is known for its beautiful coloration, which resembles the feathers of a Peacock. Its natural habitat is the Amazon basin in South America, but it has been artificially introduced to various regions worldwide, such as Florida, Hawaii, and Thailand. Depending on its size, the price of a Peacock Bass can vary significantly, ranging from $20 to $1000.

Specification:

• Habitat: They are freshwater fish that prefer warm and clear water. They are found in a variety of habitats, including rivers, streams, and lakes. The water temperature should be between 75–85°F, and the pH level should be between 6.0–7.5. Peacock bass requires a spacious tank with plenty of hiding places, such as rocks, caves, and plants. The tank should also have a strong filtration system to maintain water quality.
• Diet: Peacock Bass is a carnivorous fish that feeds on small fish, insects, and crustaceans. In the wild, they hunt in groups and are opportunistic feeders. In captivity, peacock bass can be fed a variety of live or frozen foods, such as fish, shrimp, and crickets. It is essential to provide them with a varied diet to ensure that they receive the necessary nutrients for optimal growth and health.
• Breeding: Peacock Bass is a non-native species in many parts of the world, and breeding them in captivity has become popular among fish enthusiasts. They are not an easy task, as it requires a specialized setup and proper care. The breeding process involves selecting a pair of sexually mature fish, providing them with suitable habitats, and ensuring that they have proper nutrition. The eggs hatch in approximately 2–3 days, and the fry begins to swim and feed within a week.
• Symbolism: In many cultures, the Peacock symbolizes beauty, royalty, and immortality. In Hindu mythology, the Peacock is associated with the god of war, Kartikeya. In Chinese culture, the Peacock is a symbol of good fortune, compassion, and kindness. The Peacock’s beautiful feathers are also associated with pride and vanity.

14. Siamese Tiger Fish

Siamese Tiger Fish, also known as Datnioides microlepis, is an exotic species of fish found in Southeast Asia. Known for their aggressive nature, unique appearance, and difficult care requirements, they are a popular species for experienced aquarium enthusiasts. They are native to Southeast Asia and are known for their sharp teeth and impressive size. The cost of a Siamese Tiger Fish can range from $50 to $500.

Specification:

• Habitat: Siamese Tiger Fish thrive in slow-moving or stagnant waters with dense vegetation like submerged roots and fallen branches in their natural habitat. In an aquarium, they require at least 100 gallons of water and plenty of space for swimming, along with covers such as rocks, caves, and plants.
• Diet: They are carnivorous and feed on a variety of prey, such as small fish, crustaceans, and insects. In captivity, they can be fed a variety of live and frozen foods, such as shrimp, crickets, mealworms, and small fish. It is essential to provide them with a varied diet to ensure they receive all the necessary nutrients.
• Breeding: Breeding Siamese Tiger Fish requires mimicking their natural habitat with slightly acidic water and hiding places. Fry hatch in a few days and need small live foods like brine shrimp.
• Symbolism: In some cultures, Siamese Tiger Fish are believed to bring good luck and prosperity. They are also associated with strength, power, and determination. In Thailand, they are considered national treasures and are protected by law. This species is believed to be a symbol of strength, courage, and victory.

15. Izumo Nankin Goldfish

Izumo Nankin Goldfish is a unique and attractive goldfish that originated in Japan. It is named after the Izumo region, where it was first developed. This fish is known for its vibrant colors and distinctive head shape, which resembles a lion’s head. Izumo Nankin is a hardy fish, making it an excellent choice for both novice and experienced fish keepers. The cost of this fish starts from $20 and above.

Specification:

• Habitat: Izumo Nankin is a freshwater fish that prefers still water with dense vegetation, like ponds or slow-moving streams. In an aquarium, they require a tank with a minimum capacity of 20 gallons, with plenty of hiding places and cover, such as rocks, driftwood, and plants.
• Diet: Izumo Nankin feeds on insects, crustaceans, and other small aquatic creatures in the wild. However, in captivity, they thrive on a varied diet consisting of high-quality flake or pellet food, along with live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp or bloodworms.
• Breeding: Breeding Izumo Nankin requires attention to water quality and temperature, along with a balanced diet. They prefer spawning in water with a specific pH range and temperature. Female Izumo Nankin can lay up to 2,000 eggs, which will hatch within a few days.
• Symbolism: In Japanese culture, goldfish are believed to symbolize good luck, prosperity, and longevity. They are often associated with the Japanese New Year and are considered a popular ornamental fish in many Japanese households.

Get The Next Expensive Fish To Keep Your Aquarium Lively!

Keeping rare and exotic freshwater fish can be a challenging and costly hobby, but for enthusiasts, it’s a thrilling experience. However, it’s important to conduct thorough research and ensure you have the necessary knowledge and equipment to provide proper care. These species often have specific requirements that need to be met for them to thrive.

Apart from the cost of purchasing these fish, one should also consider the cost of equipment, maintenance, and food required to keep them healthy. Nevertheless, with careful planning and preparation, owning and nurturing these beautiful creatures can be a fulfilling experience.

Happy Fish Keeping!